Labour Economics - 6478 Words

LABOUR ECONOMICS Q2. Define â€Å"Labour Economics†. Explain the nature and scope of Labour Economics. Explain the characteristics of Labour? Labour Economics:- Ans: - â€Å"Labour Economics may be defined as a study of the organization, institutions and behavior of the labour market in an industrising or industrial economy†. According to Dole Yoder:â€Å"Labour economics or manpower economics is primarily concerned with efficient utilization and conservation of manpower and resources. It studies and seeks to understand the processes by which manpower is applied and utilized in modern society. It is concerned of natural resources in the land†. Scope of Labour Economics:Labour economics has to deal with may be stated as manpower planning, labour†¦show more content†¦7. The marginal productivity of labour is comparatively less than capital. 8. Finally, labour is a living thing and that makes all the differences. LABOUR ECONOMICS(Page 3) Name : (PL. FILL IN), Enrolment No.( PL. FILL IN) Q3. What is meant by the term wages? How would you distinguish between ‘Nominal Wages’ and ‘Real Wages’? Explain the factors influencing real wages. Wages:- Ans: - The price paid for the services of labours in production is called wages. The labourer is generally paid a certain sum of money per day or week or month. Beham defined a wage as â€Å"A sum of money paid under contract by an employer to a worker for services rendered†. However, in economics, payment made for all kinds of services, whether by way of salaries or in any other way is included in wages. Differences between Nominal wages and Real wages:Nominal Wages:The amount of money that a labourer gets in exchange of his services is called money wages or nominal wages. If a labourer gets Rs.200, a day for his work, his money or nominal wages will be Rs. 200. However, mere money payment does not reflect the real earnings of the labourer. They do not reveal the standard of living or the goods and services which labourer can buy and consume. Real Wages:The amount of goods and services that labourer can get with his nominal wages is called real wages. Real wages refer to the goods a nd services, which the money wages can buy, and advantages and disadvantages associatedShow MoreRelatedLabour Economics5713 Words   |  23 PagesLABOUR ECONOMICS Q2.Define â€Å"Labour Economics†. Explain the nature and scopeof Labour Economics. Explain the characteristics of  Labour? Ans: -Labour Economics:- â€Å"Labour Economics may be defined as a study of theorganization, institutions and behavior of the labour market in anindustrising or industrial economy†. According to Dole Yoder:- â€Å"Labour economics or manpower economics is primarilyconcerned with efficient utilization and conservation of  manpower and resources. It studies and seeks to understandRead MoreLabour Market Dynamics, Unemployment And Economic Growth Essay1454 Words   |  6 PagesLABOUR MARKET DYNAMICS, UNEMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN GHANA INTRODUCTION Owing to a GDP rebasing in 2011, Ghana became the fastest growing economy in the world with a GDP growth pinned at 20%, the largest per capita income in West Africa and the 21st in the continent. Ghana joined the league of oil producing countries in December 2010 with 85,000 barrels of crude oil in a day . Fiscal deficit fell from 5.9% of GDP in 2010 to an estimated 4.3% in 2011 due to strong revenue performance . DespiteRead MoreSocio-Economic Inequality in South Africa is Due to the Institutionalised Ideological Mismatch Regarding Labour and Economic Policy1665 Words   |  7 PagesSocio-economic inequality in South Africa is due to the institutionalised ideological mismatch regarding labour and economic policy Economic growth is shaped by policy context and promoted most effectively when it is consistent with either liberal market or co-ordinated market ideal type varieties of Capitalism. Policy inconsistency dampers economic growth post-apartheid South Africa attempted to adopt a social-democratic and co-ordinated variety of Capitalism. This failed due to the adoptionRead MoreWhat Is Economics? What Role Does the Division of Labour Play in Defining This Subject Matter?880 Words   |  4 Pagessubject matter of economics? What role does the â€Å"division of labour† play in defining this subject matter? Quoting Michael Yates, â€Å"The subject matter of economics is the production and distribution of output†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Yates, 2003). So what does this say to me? Simplifying, this says to me that Economics is a way of explaining the world. With studies dating as far back as Aristotle’s interest in the various forms of state, how can one ever fully understand the complexities of economic thought and howRead MoreSweatshops : Positive Deviancy And Global Labour Practices And The Ethical And Economic Case Against Sweatshop Labor1675 Words   |  7 PagesDeviancy and Global Labour Practices and The Ethical and Economic Case Against Sweatshop Labor: A Critical Assessment. The former was authored in July 2005 by Denis Arnold and Laura Hartman. The latter was written in September 2011 by Benjamin Powell and Matt Zwolinski. The authors of both works are undeniably qualified and are experts in their respective fields. The credibility of both Beyond Sweatshops: Positive Deviancy and Global Labour Practices and The Ethical and Economic Case Against SweatshopRead MoreChild Labour Is A Socio Economic Problem2333 Words   |  10 Pages CONTENTS PAGE NO CHAPTER-I INTRODUCTION TO CHILD LABOUR†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3-5 CHAPTER-II OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 RESEARCH DESIGN †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 CHAPTER-III DATA INTERPRETATIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10-19 CHAPTER-IV FINDINGS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreWith the recent economic the labour market is in labour shortage status, every industry is600 Words   |  3 Pages With the recent economic the labour market is in labour shortage status, every industry is searching for people to work for their company. A company without employees, the operation is unable to run, as the general said employees are the biggest asset in every company. An employer with a respectable reputation or brand may not be the smartest choice to hire an ex convict, but from a business point of view the finance and workplace benefits are worth the risk to employ the single. InRead MoreAssess the Likely Impact of Uk Government Labour Market Policies on Any Three Macro-Economic Objectives. Refer to the Information and to Your Own Knowledge703 Words   |  3 PagesGovernment labour market policies on any three macro-economic objectives. Refer to the information and to your own knowledge (30) Labour market policies are government programmes that intervene in the labour market to help the unemployed find work. The three macro-economic policies I am going to look at are: full employment, steady sustainable economic growth and low inflation. Full employment is the point in an economy, where everyone who is willing and able to work is in a job. A labour market policyRead MoreLabour Market Need 1234 Words   |  5 Pagesfor these outcomes is a labour market need for migrant workers to fill jobs that indigenous workers reject (Fellini et al., 2007; Massey et al., 1998; Piore, 1979). However, this is not a spontaneous process and it is important to recognize the role played by labour market actors, particularly employers (or their agents) and the state (Bach, 2007; Rodriguez, 2004). Employers engage in active recruitment strategies to attract immigrant workers already in national labour markets or to recruit directlyRead MoreHuman Resource Planning1429 Words   |  6 Pagesexternal to an organization that affect the organization’ performance but are beyond the immediate control of an organization. An external force that influences the management especially HR planning because each organization must draw from the same labour market that supplies all other employers. The impacts of environmental changes on business consider the following: a. Decentralization – transferring responsibilities and decision making authority from a central office to people and locations

What Factors That Influence Exchange Rates and How Outline

Essays on What Factors That Influence Exchange Rates and How Outline The paper "What Factors That Influence Exchange Rates and How?" is a perfect example of an outline on macro and microeconomics. The health of the economy is determined by a country’s exchange rates. However, exchange rates are widely influenced by different factors. Surprisingly, the rates vary from country to country and for any given currency, over time. A. Thesis statement Demand and supply, meaningfully, are the key determiners of the exchange rate. The great demand for goods tends to call for the increased value of the currency. 2. BODYI) Factors That Influence Exchange RatesA. InflationChanges in market demand cause a change in currency exchange rates. A country that experiences low inflation rates often enables an appreciation in the value of its currency (Compare Remit, 2015). Where inflation is low, the prices of goods and services increase at a slower rate. For instance, if the inflation is low in the US, its export will be competitive thus increase in demand. In this case, their imports will be less competitive hence little demand for imports.B. Interest ratesChanges in interest rates influence currency value. The increased rate affects a country’s currency. Higher interests invite higher rates to lenders thus attracting more foreign capital (World’s Leading Macroeconomic Survey Firm, 2015). For instance, if US interest rates rise relative to elsewhere, it will attract more investors to deposit in US banks. The value of the dollar will increase. C. SpeculationHere, speculators make the substantial thought that there would raise in the currency in the future (CompareRemit, 2015). Therefore, there would be more demand now to make more profit. This increase in demand will cause the value to rise. D. Government InterventionChina is one of the countries that undervalue its currency to make Chinese products more competitive (Economics. Help, 2013). Usually, they do this by buying US dollar assets hence increases the value of the Dollar to Yuan.

Aztecs (1473 words) Essay Example For Students

Aztecs (1473 words) Essay AztecsThe AztecsAround 1168 AD, a Nahua tribe called the Aztecs left their mysterious homeland known as Aztl?n and migrated south to Central Valley. At first the Aztecs were practically enslaved by the other Nahua tribe, but they continued to struggle for power. By the 1300s the Aztecs had founded two different settlements on Islands in lakes. These places are known as Tlaltetalco and Tenochtitl?n. By the 15th century Tenochtitl?n was the center of the Aztec world. By the 16th century Tenochtitl?n dominated all the other cities in Central Valley. The middle of the Aztec Empire was near the Lerma River. This plateau is made up of five different sections; the volcanic axis lies across the southern part of the plateau. This area still has active volcanoes; they receive a lot of rain and have fertile soil. The bajio is located just north of the volcanic axis; it has an average elevation of 7,000 feet. This is where the Aztec capital Tenochtitl?n was located. Accounting for more than half of the plateau is the Mesa Del notre. The Mesa Del notre has an average elevation of 9,000 feet. Along the western ridge of the plateau is the Sierra Madre Occidental. The Sierra Madre Occidental is a long mountain chain that protected the Aztecs from outside invaders. Along the eastern side of the plateau is the Sierra Madre Oriental. The Aztec capital receives anywhere between 30 50 cm. Temperatures range from 10 15 degrees centigrade in winter, to 20 25 degrees centigrade in summer. Aztec society was divided into three classes, the slaves, the common people, and the nobility. The Slave class was mostly made up of criminals and POWs. Slaves could obtain freedom in two ways. The first was to buy it. The second way was to try to escape from their masters. If they reached the royal palace without being caught, they were immediately given their freedom. The commoners, also known as the Maceualtin were given ownership of a plot of land to build a house. The tlalmaitl were the lowest group of the commoners, and werent allowed to own any land Instead they were inhabit farmers. The nobility was made of people who were born nobles, priests, and warriors who earned their rank. The nobles served as officials, judges, and governors of conquered provinces. Nobility enjoyed special privileges like nice feather cloaks and gold jewelry. Family Life was very important to the Aztecs. The man of the house built the house and was a farmer of a craftsman. The woman prepared food, cared for children, made clothing, and looked after livestock. Barren women were looked down upon. At birth the midwife would give a speech while cutting the umbilical cord. She told the baby that he was going to be a warrior and feed enemies blood to the sun. Four days after birth the father called an astrologer, who told him the day that they should have the naming ceremony. Education was also very important to Aztecs. As children boys received instructions from the elders. They were taught the names of the things in the baskets they carried. They were also taught how to carry things for their mother and go to the market with their father. Girls were trained for marriage. They were shown how to weave a loom, how to make cloth to support the family. Self-control and discipline were taught at home and punishments were very severe. Children were sometimes beaten, or held over fire and made to inhale bitter smoke. Sometimes they were tied up naked and left of the wet ground for an entire day. .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb , .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .postImageUrl , .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb , .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:hover , .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:visited , .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:active { border:0!important; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:active , .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u195f7a91882b17916459a2e2c3a67ddb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Foreign worker in malaysia EssayA rulers daughter had to walk around without picking up her head. Young unmarried woman needed permission to see their fathers. The parents of two families arranged weddings. The punishment for adultery was death by stoning or strangulation. The head of the Aztecs was known as the great speaker. A council of wise men in a democratic fashion decided his heir. The great speaker was the head of the government and the main priest. Aztec tribes were divided into families and clans. Each clan had elected officials and sent representatives to the council of the tribe. The council elected officials to govern the four quarters, or phratries that the city was organized in. The council elected the supreme chief who led the tribe in wars and alliances. A second chief was in charge of internal affairs. The chiefs were selected from powerful families. The Aztec government was an autocracy. The Aztecs ate mostly corn, which was ground into flour and made into tortillas. They also ate sage seeds, very spicy peepers, eggs, turkey, rabbit, dog, lizards, snails, and fish eggs. They drank mostly water, but on occasion they had beer. Nobility drank chocolate that was sweetened with honey. Mexicans today also include a lot of corn in their diets. Clothing indicated what class people belonged to. The rich had clothing made out of cotton, while the poorer had cheaper maguey fibers. The men wore a cloak that was tied on one shoulder, almost like a toga, and cloth on their hips. The woman wore sleeveless shirts and wraparound skirts. The Aztecs were warriors. In some ways it was connected to their religion. During was they captured prisoners for sacrifice, punish tributary tribes, and gain new land. Failure in battle was a disgrace and usually led to their sacrifice. Farmers grew corn, beans, avocados, squashes, potatoes and tomatoes. In the lowlands they grew cotton, papayas, and cacao. The Aztecs used the slash and burn method of farming. Farmers made huge irrigation systems. The marketplace was in the middle of Aztec life. The market Tlatelolco was the largest in the Americas. As many as 60,000 people visited the market in a single day. Everything was bought and sold in the market. The Aztecs bartered, and some believe that they used cacao as a form of money. The Aztecs invented the wheel but they didnt use it for transportation. Wheels were used in toys. They carried most things on their backs. Religion dominated Aztec life. The Aztecs were cannibals, and ate the flesh of their victims of war. They believed that they would absorb the virtues of the slain victims. The Aztecs performed human sacrifice. The most important form of sacrifice was tearing out the heart of the victim with a knife made of obsidian, volcanic glass. The sacrificed victims were thought to win a high place in paradise. Aztecs went after prisoners in war, rather than killing the enemy, because it allowed them to make more sacrifices. The Aztecs were polytheistic and worshiped gods who personified the forces of nature. The get help from the gods the Aztecs performed rituals and ceremonies. The head of all the Aztec gods was Huitzilopochtli, the god of the sun and war. The Aztecs believed that if he fought the forces of darkness and regenerated in the morning. This is where the need for human sacrifice plays a role. The Aztecs believed that in order for Huitzilopochtli to continue fighting the forces of da rkness, he needed human sacrifices. Human sacrifice was very important because it kept the favor of the gods. Since life was mans most important possession, logically it would be the best gift for the gods. At the dedication of the great pyramid temple in Tenochtitl?n 20,000 POWs were sacrificed. The priests slid open the body and tore out the victims hearts. Some other gods were Taloc the god of rain, Tezcatlipoca the god of wind, and Quetzalcoatl. All the gods had their own ceremonies, prayers, sacrifices, and holidays. In the 16th century the Aztec Empire was at its peak. Under the rule of Montezuma the second, the Aztecs welcomed in the Spanish, led by Cortes. Later Montezuma plotted against Cortes and Cortes had him thrown in jail. The Aztecs revolted against the Spanish and during the revolt Montezuma was killed. In 1521 Cortes, with the aid of 1,000 Spanish soldiers and thousands of Indian allies defeated the Aztecs, and the Aztec Empire collapsed immediately. A myth tells us that the Aztecs only lost to the Spanish because the white people were gods. BibliographyAschmann, Homer. ?Mexico? World Book Encyclopedia. 1985 ed. .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f , .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .postImageUrl , .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f , .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:hover , .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:visited , .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:active { border:0!important; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:active , .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u759e3d000929866b477d210c19f2742f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Medicated Child EssayBrundage, Burr Cartwright. The Fifth Sun: Aztec Gods, Aztec World. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. Burland, Cottie and Wermer Forman. The Aztecs: Gods and Fate in Ancient Mexico. New York: Galahad Books, 1980. Bray, Warwick. Everyday Life of The Aztecs. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd, 1968. Shepperd, Donna Walsh. The Aztecs. New York: F. Watts, 1992. Stuart, Gene S. The Mighty Aztecs. Washington: National Geographic, 1981. The mexica Aztecs http://www.askgeeves.com/main/FinalAnswer.asp?qCategory=HMANLink=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ewsu%2Eedu%3A8080%2F%7Edee%2FCIVAMRCA%2FAZTECS%2EHTMTitle=The+Mexica%2F+AztecsAnswers=2ajparam_list1=6ajparam_fillers=%7C6%5B263%5D%7Cajparam_qid=799site_name=Jeevesscope=webask=Where+can+I+find+information+about+ancient+Aztec+culture%3Forigin=0metasearch=yes. Hooker, Richard 1996. studen teacher resource center http://northcoast.com/~spdtom/a-rea.html Frederiksen, Thomas H. 1999History Reports

Each year there are about 250 people added to deat Essay Example For Students

Each year there are about 250 people added to deat Essay h row and 35 executed. From 1976 to 1995 there were a total of 314 people put to death in the US 179 of them were put to death using lethal injection, 123 were put to death using electrocution, 9 were put to death in a gas chamber, 2 were hanged, and 1 was put to death using the firing squad. The death penalty is the harshest form of punishment enforced in the United Sates today. Once a jury has convicted a criminal, they go to the second part of the trial, the punishment phase. If the jury recommends the death penalty and the judge agrees then the criminal will face some form of execution, lethal injection is the most common form used today. There was a period from 1972 to 1976 that capital punishment was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. Their reason for this decision was that the death penalty was cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment. The decision was reversed when new methods of execution were introduced. Capital punishment is a difficult issue and t here are as many different opinions as there are people. In our project, both sides have been presented and argued fully. Different forms of the death penalty are more humane than others. In the 1920s people decided that lethal gas, or the gas chamber, was more humane than death by electrocution. Nevada was the first state to adopt the gas chamber as their form of execution. The Humane Death Bill was passed abolishing all other forms of execution (Hanging or firing squad were the only other two forms of execution at that time) in the state of Nevada, this bill was signed by the governor on March 28, 1921. Not long after electrocution was tried as being inhumane, the gas chamber was challenged as being cruel and unusual punishment also. Gee Jon and Hughie Sing were the first two people to be sentenced to die by lethal gas. Justice Coleman, after the appeal was denied, relied on the Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment to try and prove that the courts was not able to say that lethal gas was a painless way of putting a man to death. He tried to prove that it would subject the victim to either pain or torture. Many people attended the execution of Gee Jon, some of who were physicians and scientists. They came to try and prove that this was a humane way of killing a man, and were unanimous in the end, pronouncing this as a quick and painless method of execution. Several of them said they thought it the most merciful form yet devised. (Vila, pg. 78-79) This is what happened to the victim according to A. Huftaker, E. E. Hammer, and Major D. A. Turner of the Army Medical Reserve Corps., The man went unconscious after his first breath of the vaporized acid (liquid hydrocyanic acid). Since the man was unconscious he did not feel any pain and died almost instantly. There for the death penalty was for that time a humane way of killing someone. Electrocution was also done away with in Florida. In its place came lethal injection. The 74 year old oak chair was banished after the second messed up execution in seven years. Jesse Taferos in 1990 and Pedro Medinas on march 25. These cases were the basis for the accusation that the electric chair was cruel and unusual punishment. In both executions, flames shot from the prisoners heads when the current of electricity was turned on. The chairs head gear was blamed for this problem. It was brutal, terrible. It was a burning-alive, literally, said attorney Michael Minerva after witnessing the Medina execution. .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be , .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .postImageUrl , .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be , .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:hover , .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:visited , .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:active { border:0!important; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:active , .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u750c2b5a74046924e99a3e6042b4a5be:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: W.E.B DuBois thoughts on education EssayAfter all this happened the question of what would replace the electric chair if and when Florida got rid of it came up. The answer to that was lethal injection, a mix of drugs that sends a person in to unconsciousness and then kills them. This was described as similar to putting an animal down. This was a method already employed by 32 states and seemed like the best solution to the problem at hand. Of the 32 states already using lethal injection Florida Corrections Commission surveyed 17 of these states. The majority of these states said that they switched to the needle, lethal injection because it is the most humane form of capital punishment. Florida took polls showing the death penalty was strongly supported. Texas, the first to use lethal injection in 1982, and other states has had this form of capital punishment tested in court time and time again and it has always come out as being valid and humane to the victim. Is Capital Punishment humane? Which methods, if any, are humane? The Prolonged suffering of an individual is not humane. Pain is subjective and it is Impossible to know with certainty the experience or range of experiences of those who undergo execution. Botched executions, where the offender lingers on before death, don not offer opportunities for us to assess the experience. (Executions in America pg.47) When the execution goes according to plan, the person doesnt live to tell about the experience and the effects of it. Execution can be a vary long and brutal process, when something goes wrong. Long ago, in the United States, hanging was he most widely used method of execution. the persons spine was supposed to snap. During the 18th Century and earlier, hanging were often botched. If the prisoner failed to die from the drop then they would slowly suffocate. If the prisoner was too heavy then the fall could rip the head from the body. The electric chair replaced hanging. The goal of electrocution is the paralysis of the heart and respiratory system. This happens through the burning of the internal organs. Willie Francis was a prisoner who experienced only a few seconds of electrocution and survived. This was a result of a malfunction of the machinery. He said that the experience was quite painful and that My mouth tasted like cold peanut butter. I felt a burning in my head and my left leg, and I jumped against the straps. I saw little blue and pink and green speckles.(Costanzo-44) A year later he was executed again. As you can see from these examples, the executed often undergoes horrific physical and even emotional abuse. Can you imagine living through electrocution and going through the process one, two, or three more times!Although we first think of the effects on the executed, we dont always think of the effects on other people. There are people directly and indirectly involved. For example, Jurors, prison officials, the families of the condemned, and e ven the families of victims witness or are tied to it some other way. Botched executions can be the result of mistakes by the executioners, equipment problems or struggling by the prisoner. In order to perform lethal injection a prisoner with a history of intravenous drug use, the executioner may have to surgically locate a deeper vein. Even a small error in dosage or administration can leave a prisoner conscious but paralyzed while dying, a sentient witness of his or her own, slow, lingering asohyxiation.(Costanzo-46) The executioner has to live with the fact that there were the cause of the agonizing death of another human being. A man lying face up on a hospital gurney is subjected to what looks like a routine medical procedure. The only difference is that the goal is to kill instead of heal.(Costanzo-47) In 1951, Eliso Mares was put to death by a firing squad. The prison staff likes Mares and so they aimed away from his heart Mares bled to death and it was a slow lingering proce ss. Again, the executioners were at fault. In 1985, Alpha Otis Stephens was shocked with three 1,900 volt of electricity. When Stephens was shocked the first time, he struggled for breath for eight long minutes. he was shocked again but witnesses spotted him continuing to gasp for air. After 23 more breaths he was shocked one last time. Fred Leuchter, a major designer of the electrocution machinery, gave his opinion on the cons of the electric chair: If you overload an individuals body with current Youll cook the meat on his body. Its like the meat on an overcooked chicken. If you grab the arm, the flesh will fall right off in your hands.. That doesnt mean that he felt anything. It simply means that its cosmetically not the thing to do. Presumably the state will return the remains to the victims family for burial. Returning somebody who has been cooked would be in poor taste. This would affect the victims family. Even if they chose not to watch the execution, the remains can be just as emotionally harmful. In the example that I started earlier, you can gather that is would not be pleasant to see your son or daughter executed numerous times or shocked a number of times. .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 , .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .postImageUrl , .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 , .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:hover , .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:visited , .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:active { border:0!important; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:active , .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1 .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua9ae935b126a5bc20a93901a0126aad1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Impact of Child Abuse EssayAs you can see from the above arguments there are many paths you could take as far as if the death penalty is humane or not. As an over all out come of this paper I think that lethal injection is the most humane form of execution. The reason for this is it is really hard to botch this type of execution but the others such as electrocution and hanging can be botched quite easily. Although over all I think that the death penalty is a bad solution to this problem, the idea of two wrongs dont make a right comes into play in this case quite stongly, if it is really needed then I would have to say that lethal injection is the most humane form of execut ion. Although it is humane, I dont think I would be able to go through with actually being executed or executing someone.